Measuring large language model uncertainty in women’s health using semantic entropy and perplexity: a comparative study. Jahan C. Penny-Dimri, Magdalena Bachmann, William R. Cooke, Sam Mathewlynn, Dockree Samuel, Tolladay John, Kossen John, Jannik Li, Lin Gal, Yarin Davis Jones, Gabriel., 2025. The Lancet Obstetrics, Gynaecology, & Women’s Health. doi.org/10.1016/j.lanogw.2025.100005

In Which Areas of Technical AI Safety Could Geopolitical Rivals Cooperate? Ben Bucknall, Saad Siddiqui, Lara Thurnherr, Conor McGurk, Ben Harack, Anka Reuel, Patricia Paskov, Casey Mahoney, Sören Mindermann, Scott Singer, et al., 2025. Proceedings of the 2025 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. doi.org/10.1145/3715275.37322

CleanCTG: A deep learning model for multi-artefact detection and reconstruction in cardiotocography. Sheng Wong, Beth Albert, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.10928. arxiv.org/abs/2508.10928. doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.10928

Comparing Expert and Computerised Pattern Identification in Antepartum Cardiotocography. John Tolladay, Beth Albert, William R. Cooke, Manu Vatish, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. medRxiv. doi.org/10.1101/2025.08.15.25333416

The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring. J. Abraham, B. Albert, G. Jones., 2025. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

Pattern evaluation and recognition in cardiotocography: Expert visual examination (PERCEIVE). John Tolladay, Beth Albert, William R. Cooke, Manu Vatish, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

Antepartum fetal heart rate patterns in small for gestational age fetuses. G. Rubin, B. Albert, J. Tolladay, G. Jones., 2025. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

Cohort Profile for the Heat in Pregnancy-India (HiP-India) Study. Ramachandran Thiruvengadam, Sreevatsan Raghavan, Rekha Shanmugam, Tanya Isaac, Gabriela De Jesus Cipriano Flores, Arya Thonikund Sathishkumar, Sudhakar Reddy Bulla, Prakriti Dayal, Mudita Gosain, Neera Parmar, et al., 2025. Wellcome Open Research. wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/10-472

Predicting Fetal Outcomes from Cardiotocography Signals Using a Supervised Variational Autoencoder. John Tolladay, Beth Albert, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.06540. arxiv.org/abs/2509.06540. doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.06540

Energy Landscapes Enable Reliable Abstention in Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models for Healthcare. Ravi Shankar, Sheng Wong, Lin Li, Magdalena Bachmann, Alex Silverthorne, Beth Albert, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.04482. arxiv.org/abs/2509.04482.
doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.04482

Large language models surpass domain-specific architectures for antepartum electronic fetal monitoring analysis. Sheng Wong, Ravi Shankar, Beth Albert, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.18112. arxiv.org/abs/2509.18112. doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.18112

WHI2RL: The women’s health intelligent information retrieval LLM. Ravi Shankar, Beth Albert, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

A call for ethical, equitable, and effective artificial intelligence to improve care for all people with epilepsy: A roadmap. Colin B. Josephson, Sandor Beniczky, Spiros Denaxas, Akio Ikeda, Lara Jehi, Angelina Kakooza Mwesige, Nathalie Jette, Gabriel Davis Jones, Philippe Ryvlin, Arjune Sen, et al., 2025. Epilepsia. doi.org/10.1002/epi.70058

Modelling seizure-related predictors of epilepsy diagnostic gap in two urban informal settlements of Nairobi using machine learning. Daniel Mwanga, Frederick Murunga Wekesah, Frank Ouma, Symon M. Kariuki, Joan Kinuthia, Peter Otieno, Thomas Kwasa, Quincy Mongare, Abigael Machuka, Steve Cygu, et al., 2025. Global Epidemiology. doi.org/10.1016/j.gloepi.2025.100241

Dynamic updating of spatial working memory across eye movements: a computational investigation of transsaccadic integration. Sijia Zhao, Thomas Parr, Rob Udale, Verena Klar, Gabriel Davis Jones, Anna Scholcz, Sofia Toniolo, Sanjay G. Manohar, Masud Husain., 2025. bioRxiv. doi.org/10.7554/eLife.109581.1

PatchCTG: Patch Cardiotocography Transformer for Antepartum Fetal Health Monitoring. Jaleed M Khan, Manu Vatish, Gabriel Davis Jones., 2025. Sensors. doi.org/10.3390/s25092650

In Which Areas of Technical AI Safety Could Geopolitical Rivals Cooperate? Ben Bucknall, Saad Siddiqui, Lara Thurnherr, Conor McGurk, Ben Harack, Anka Reuel, Patricia Paskov, Casey Mahoney, Sören Mindermann, Scott Singer, Vinay Hiremath, Charbel-Raphaël Segerie, Oscar Delaney, Alessandro Abate, Fazl Barez, Michael K. Cohen, Philip Torr, Ferenc Huszár, Anisoara Calinescu, Gabriel Davis Jones, Yoshua Bengio, Robert Trager. arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.12914, 2025. arxiv.org/abs/2504.12914

AnchorInv: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning of Physiological Signals via Feature Space-Guided Inversion. Chenqi Li, Boyan Gao, Gabriel Davis Jones, Timothy Denison, Tingting Zhu. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Vol. 39. No. 13. 2025. doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i13.33563

Reducing Large Language Model Safety Risks in Women's Health using Semantic Entropy. Jahan C. Penny-Dimri, Magdalena Bachmann, William R. Cooke, Sam Mathewlynn, Samuel Dockree, John Tolladay, Jannik Kossen, Lin Li, Yarin Gal, Gabriel Davis Jones. arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.00269. 2025. arxiv.org/abs/2503.00269

Evaluating the generalisability of region-naïve machine learning algorithms for the identification of epilepsy in low-resource settings. Ioana Duta, Symon M. Kariuki, Anthony K. Ngugi, Angelina Kakooza Mwesige, Honorati Masanja, Daniel M. Mwanga, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Ryan Wagner, J Helen Cross, Josemir W. Sander, Charles R. Newton, Arjune Sen, Gabriel Davis Jones. (2025). PLOS Digital Health, 4(2), e0000491. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000491

Predicting preeclampsia in gestational diabetes mellitus using the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. Noonan, S. B., Brennecke, S. P., & Davis Jones, G. (2025). The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, dgaf069. doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaf069

Performance evaluation of computerized antepartum fetal heart rate monitoring: Dawes–Redman algorithm at term. Davis Jones, G., Albert, B., Cooke, W., & Vatish, M. (2025). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 65(2), 191-197. doi.org/10.1002/uog.29167

AnchorInv: Few-shot class-incremental learning of physiological signals via representation space guided inversion. Li, C., Gao, B., Jones, G., Denison, T., & Zhu, T. (2024). arXiv preprint arXiv:2412.13714. doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2412.13714

The Relationship of Antepartum Fetal Heart Rate Patterns to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes. Cooke, W., Albert, B., Vatish, M., Davis Jones, G., 2024. medRxiv preprint. doi.org/10.1101/2024.11.16.24317432

hsa-miR-9-5p highly expressed in syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles from early-onset preeclampsia impairs cerebral microvascular endothelial cell pro-angiogenic capacity. Logenthiran, P.V., Awoyemi, T., Davis Jones, G., Rahbar, M., Akbar, N., Cerdeira, A.S., Escudero, C., Vatish, M., 2024. bioRxiv, pp.2024–10. doi.org/10.1101/2024.10.21.619546

Maternal serum soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1-to-placental growth factor ratio distinguishes growth-restricted from non-growth-restricted small-for-gestational-age fetuses. Prithi, R., Cade, T., Dean, J., Davis Jones, G., Brennecke, S.P., 2024. AJOG Global Reports, 4(1). 10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100302

Small RNAs in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Cooke, W.R., Davis Jones, G., Redman, C.W.G., Vatish, M., 2024. Placenta. doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2024.06.009

A method to isolate syncytiotrophoblast-derived medium-large extracellular vesicle small RNA from maternal plasma. Cooke, W.R., Zhang, W., Kandzija, N., Davis Jones, G., Redman, C.W.G., Vatish, M., 2024. Placenta. doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2024.03.010

Exploring the capabilities of ChatGPT in women’s health: obstetrics and gynaecology. Bachmann, M., Duta, I., Mazey, E., Cooke, W., Vatish, M., Davis Jones, G., 2024. npj Women's Health, 2(1), p.26. doi.org/10.1038/s44294-024-00028-w

Differential 5’-tRNA Fragments in Circulating Preeclampsia Syncytiotrophoblast Vesicles Drives Macrophage Inflammation. Cooke, W.R., Jiang, P., Ji, L., Bai, J., Davis Jones, G., Lo, Y.M.D., Redman, C., Vatish, M., 2024. Hypertension, 81(4), pp.876–886. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.22292

Identifying high-risk pre-term pregnancies using the fetal heart rate and machine learning. Davis Jones, G., Cooke, W., Vatish, M., 2024. medRxiv, 2024–02. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.26.24303280

The OxMat dataset: a multimodal resource for the development of AI-driven technologies in maternal and newborn child health. Khan, M.J., Duta, I., Albert, B., Cooke, W., Vatish, M., Davis Jones, G., 2024. arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.08024. doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.08024

Safety, tolerability, and efficacy outcomes of the Investigation of Levetiracetam in Alzheimer’s disease (ILiAD) study: a pilot, double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial.
Sen, A., Toniolo, S., Tai, X.Y., Akinola, M., Symmonds, M., Mura, S., Galloway, J., Hallam, A., Chan, J.Y.C., Koychev, I., 2024. Epilepsia Open. doi.org/10.1002/epi4.13070

A Performance Evaluation of Computerised Antepartum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring: The Dawes-Redman Algorithm at Term. Davis Jones, G., Albert, W., Cooke, W., Vatish, M., 2024. medRxiv. doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.12.24302705

Prevalence of all epilepsies in urban informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya: a two-stage population-based study. Mwanga, D.M., Kadengye, D.T., Otieno, P.O., Wekesah, F.M., Kipchirchir, I.C., Muhua, G.O., Kinuthia, J.W., Kwasa, T., Machuka, A., Mongare, Q., 2024. The Lancet Global Health, 12(8), pp.e1323–e1330. Elsevier.

Development and validation of a diagnostic aid for convulsive epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa: a retrospective case-control study. Davis Jones, G., Kariuki, S.M., Ngugi, A.K., Mwesige, A.K., Masanja, H., Owusu-Agyei, S., Wagner, R., Cross, J.H., Sander, J.W., Newton, C.R., 2023. The Lancet Digital Health, 5(4), pp.e185–e193.

Differential Expression of 5’-tRNA Fragments in Circulating Preeclampsia Syncytiotrophoblast Vesicles Drives Macrophage Inflammation. Cooke, W.R., Jiang, P., Ji, L., Bai, J., Davis Jones, G., Lo, Y.M.D., Redman, C., Vatish, M., 2023. bioRxiv, pp.2023–04.

Predictive utility for preeclampsia of the SFLT-1/PLGF ratio test in routine clinical practice: a retrospective analysis of 1,397 pregnancies with suspected pre-eclampsia. Davis Jones, G., Brennecke, S., 2023. Pregnancy Hypertension, 33, p.e36. Elsevier.

Is there a fetal sex-based influence on maternal serum SFLT-1, PLGF and SFLT-1/PLGF ratio levels during the latter half of human pregnancy? Davis Jones, G., Mahdizadeh, S., Cade, T., Brennecke, S., 2023. Pregnancy Hypertension, 33, pp.e40–e41. Elsevier.

Placental capillary pericytes release excess extracellular vesicles under hypoxic conditions inducing a pro-angiogenic profile in term pregnancy. Kandzija, N., Rahbar, M., Davis Jones, G., Motta-Mejia, C., Zhang, W., Couch, Y., Neuhaus, A.A., Kishore, U., Sutherland, B.A., Redman, C., 2023. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 651, pp.20-29. Academic Press.

Computerized analysis of antepartum cardiotocography: a review. Davis Jones, G., Cooke, W.R., Vatish, M., Redman, C.W.G., 2022. Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 4(2), pp.130–140. LWW.

Protective effects of medium chain triglyceride diet in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome. Jancovski, N., Baldwin, T., Orford, M., Li, M., Davis Jones, G., Rutherford, T., Reid, C., Heales, S., Eaton, S., 2021. Epilepsia, 62(12), pp.3131–3142.

An evaluation of the effectiveness of perampanel in people with epilepsy who have previously undergone resective surgery and/or implantation of a vagal nerve stimulator. Davis Jones, G., Stavropoulos, I., Ibrahim, K., Tristram, M., Neale, M., Jory, C., Esposito, M., Hamandi, K., Shankar, R., 2021. Epilepsy & Behavior, 116, p.107738. Elsevier.

Predicting Preeclampsia. Davis Jones, G., Brennecke, S.P., 2021. O&G, 25(3).

Syncytiotrophoblast derived extracellular vesicles in relation to preeclampsia. Cooke, W.R., Davis Jones, G., Redman, C.W.G., Vatish, M., 2021. Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 3(2), pp.151-160. Chinese Medical Journals Publishing House.

5’-tRNA-halves: circulating syncytiotrophoblast RNA signals in early-onset preeclampsia. Cooke, W., Jiang, P., Ji, L., Davis Jones, G., Zhang, W., Kandzija, N., Cerdeira, A.S., Lo, D., Redman, C., Vatish, M., 2021. Placenta, 112, p.e57. WB Saunders.

An Investigation of Levetiracetam in Alzheimer’s Disease (ILiAD): a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised crossover proof of concept study. Sen, A., Akinola, M., Tai, X.Y., Symmonds, M., Davis Jones, G., Mura, S., Galloway, J., Hallam, A., Chan, J.Y.C., Koychev, I., 2021. Trials, 22(1), p.508. BioMed Central London.

5′-tRNA-halves: circulating syncytiotrophoblast RNA signals in early-onset preeclampsia. Cooke, W., Jiang, P., Ji, L., Davis Jones, G., Zhang, W., Kandzija, N., Cerdeira, A.S., Lo, D., Redman, C., Vatish, M., 2021. Placenta, 112, p.e57. WB Saunders.

The weekend effect for stroke patients admitted to intensive care: A retrospective cohort analysis. Mitchell, W.G., Pande, R., Robinson, T.E., Davis Jones, G., Hou, I., Celi, L.A., 2020. PloS one, 15(6), p.e0234521. Public Library of Science.

Is there a correlation between maternal serum sFlt-1/PlGF ratios and birth-weight centiles? Dean, J., Davis Jones, G., Cade, T., Brennecke, S., 2019. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol, 50(3), pp.373-382.

Development of a rapid functional assay that predicts GLUT1 disease severity. Zaman, S.M., Mullen, S.A., Petrovski, S., Maljevic, S., Gazina, E.V., Phillips, A.M., Davis Jones, G., Hildebrand, M.S., Damiano, J., Auvin, S., 2018. Neurology: Genetics, 4(6), p.e297. Wolters Kluwer.

Development of EpiRisk: An online clinical tool for estimating the risk of major congenital malformations in pregnant women treated for epilepsy. Davis Jones, G., Hitchcock, A., Vajda, F., Craig, J., O'Brien, T.J., Sen, A., 2018. Epilepsia Open, 3(2), p.281. Wiley.

Comparative audit of the clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio test for predicting pre-eclampsia in a pregnancy day care setting. Davis Jones, G., White, A., Brennecke, S., 2018. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 125, pp.88-89. Wiley.

Comparing the sflt-1/plgf ratio with other biomarkers as a predictive test for pre-eclampsia–A clinical audit. Davis Jones, G., White, A., Brennecke, S., 2017. Pregnancy Hypertension: An International Journal of Women's Cardiovascular Health, 9, pp.16-17. Elsevier.

Clinical Utility of the sFIt-1/PIGF Ratio Test in the Prediction of Pre-eclampsia. Brennecke, S., Davis Jones, G., White, A., 2017. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 57, pp.08-Aug. Wiley.

Mapping somatosensory connectivity in adult mice using diffusion MRI tractography and super-resolution track density imaging. Richards, K., Calamante, F., Tournier, J.D., Kurniawan, N.D., Sadeghian, F., Retchford, A.R., Davis Jones, G., Reid, C.A., Reutens, D.C., Ordidge, R., 2014. Neuroimage, 102, pp.381-392. Elsevier.